[custom_adv] Amol is a city and the administrative center of Amol County, Mazandaran Province. In the 2006 census, the surveyed population of the city was 197,470, in 55,183 families. [custom_adv] Amol is located on the Haraz river bank. It is less than 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of the Caspian sea and less than 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of the Alborz mountains. [custom_adv] It is 180 kilometres (110 mi) from west of the provincial capital, Sari.Amol is a historic city, with its foundation dating back to the Amard. Some past historians have associated this ancient city with the periods of the Pishdadian dynasty and the Kayanian dynasty. [custom_adv] Amards were the people inhabiting the area before the arrival of Aryans, who had migrated to and settled on the Plateau from the late 2nd millennium BCE to early 1st millennium BCE. Many scholars believe that the city's name is rooted in the word Amard (Amui in Pahlavi). According to historical literature, Amol was the capital of Mazandaran, at least in the period starting from Sassanid Empire to the Ilkhanate dynasty of Mongol Empire. [custom_adv] Though they are a Median tribe, Herodotus names a tribe called Mardians as one of the ten to fifteen tribes in Persis. It is now known that the only distinction between the Median Amardians and the Persian Mardians is the 'a' in the beginning of Amardians, which would mean they are two different tribes. [custom_adv] Elsewhere he says, one of the peoples who have trusted Darius Igor M. Diakonoff says, Amardian lived in the coasts of the Caspian Sea, in the distance of the Alban and Otia from the north and the Hyrcanian from the east. Strabo says about Amard people, the Mard wore black robes, had long hair and everyone was braver. [custom_adv] He was also allowed to marry any women. In the history of the Persian Empire, the Mard were handsome, capable and brave persons presented in the heart of the army and were responsible to defense the commander. [custom_adv] The Amard helped Achaemenid in several battles including the invasion of Greece, the occupation of Sardis, the attack of Medes and at the Battle of Opis. The other theory about Amol via Ibn Isfandiyar says, at the request of wife Firoz Shah, he created a large and flourishing city named Amele. [custom_adv] Amol is an old city, with a history dating back to the Amards.
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